ABSTRACT
Bone variations are usually a result of abnormal ossification during embryonic life. Separately or in combination, sternal foramina and bifid xiphoid process are well documented skeletal alternations, as well as the median cleft of the posterior arch of the atlas. However, their appearance in combination is not yet celebrated in the literature. Our post-mortem examination unearthed such a triple variant of an adult male skeleton, which included no other skeletal variations. The fact that all variants are depicted in the median line of ossification implies a hypothesis of a triggered midline bone defect process. The awareness among clinicians of such variations during interventional and imaging procedures is of great importance.
ABSTRACT
Bone variations are usually a result of abnormal ossification during embryonic life. Separately or in combination, sternal foramina and bifid xiphoid process are well documented skeletal alternations, as well as the median cleft of the posterior arch of the atlas. However, their appearance in combination is not yet celebrated in the literature. Our post-mortem examination unearthed such a triple variant of an adult male skeleton, which included no other skeletal variations. The fact that all variants are depicted in the median line of ossification implies a hypothesis of a triggered midline bone defect process. The awareness among clinicians of such variations during interventional and imaging procedures is of great importance.
ABSTRACT
Background: The diversity of the human body structure which results to a great variety of vascular branching,seems to be endless. The vascular variations of the renal arteries are among the most frequent discovered ones.We present such a case, found during an educational cadaveric dissection.Results: Vascular branching alternations from the norm were observed in both kidneys of the case report. Abilateral presence of additional arteries, a polar one in the right side and a hilar one in the left side, with adouble renal vein in the left side were observed.Conclusions: Anatomy of the renal vessels usually is depicted with a plethora of variants. Clinicians should beaware that the renal topographical anatomy presents such difficulties, in order for complications to be avoidedduring various procedures.
ABSTRACT
The supratrochlear foramen (STF) of the distal part of the humerus bone presents a known anatomical skeletonvariation. On the other hand the cause for its appearance remains obscure. Its incidence is reported to be from0% up to 60% among the adults, depending of the population. Results. Our research on dry bone skeletal remainsdemonstrated a very low incidence of 0.8% in the Magnesia region of the central Greece. Conclusions. STFincidence presents a huge percentage interval depending on the region in study. Due to various interventionalprocedures performed in the distal part of the humerus clinicians should be aware of this rare anatomicalvariation.